Журнал «Здоровье ребенка» 2 (61) 2015
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Professional quality students in credit system and analysis of efficiency credit system in the teaching of "PEDIATRICS"
Авторы: Shlimkevych I.V. — SHEI "Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University", Department of Pediatrics, Ukraine.
Рубрики: Педиатрия/Неонатология
Разделы: Клинические исследования
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Reform of higher medical education after Ukraine's Bologna process caused a shift of emphasis in training future professionals towards the use of innovative technologies to quality educational outcomes, which enables training of qualified personnel to be competitive in the labor market, namely capable of competent, responsible and effective in their field of activity. In Ukraine clearly defined benchmarks for entry into the educational and scientific community in Europe and modernizes educational activities in the context of the Bologna process. The transition to the new model of the educational process requires teaching staff in higher education in mastering the new system of psycho-pedagogical and methodological skills. An urgent task for modern medical education is to improve the quality of training qualified specialists in the aspect of future practice.
The main material. The main task of medical education in Ukraine is the need to prepare highly qualified, competitive doctor who can flexibly refocused its activities in connection with the needs of areas of medicine. This poses higher medical education task of improving the process of training future doctors. A highly skilled specialist physician at the pre- and postgraduate levels of the health system is impossible without mastering it a certain level of professional legal knowledge, including human rights in health care. Improving the legal knowledge of health workers, their legal awareness and legal culture system and require daily, professionally organized legal education, mastery of knowledge and skills.
Practical training doctors is a compulsory component of educational and vocational programs to obtain qualification and is intended acquisition of skills and abilities. The problem of professionalism in medicine today is still not comprehensive, and training of future specialists should be based primarily on the pursuit of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of mastering another to the graduation stage study. Today theoretical training is quality through e-learning platform, while improving practical training at the graduation stage to remain topical issues. Responding to the challenges of life, we are not talking about education, and the formation of a specialist as a professional creator, organizer of democratic rights, vysokohumannym, state ideology. Curriculum subject "Pediatrics" involves the following main forms of organization of educational process: lectures, workshops, consultations, independent study. The department developed a set of guidelines for the preparation of students to the subject of mandatory classes indicating the literature that can be used via the Internet on the University website. The department worked banks available test and situational tasks designed bank blood and urine tests, X-ray, reports Echo CS, ultrasound of the abdomen, electrocardiograms, pH grams. Every lesson demonstrates themed patients analyzed medical history, examination of children tested algorithms.
Building a practical lesson teachers is as follows: initial test control knowledge for students - 10-15 minutes, independent student work at the bedside - 40-60 minutes, and go along with the teacher examined children - 40-50 minutes, the final control of knowledge using survey and solving situational problems on the topic during classes - 40-60 minutes.
A large share in teaching discipline "Pediatrics" in our department is given practical work at the bedside, including history taking, examination of a sick child, a plan of survey data interpretation of laboratory and instrumental studies, differential diagnosis, establishing the clinical diagnosis, determination of therapeutic tactics, purpose of clinical nutrition, providing emergency medical care, maintaining medical records. According to the standard curriculum at the Department developed a list of practical skills that every student should master in the study subjects.
Evaluation of students' knowledge of the discipline is carried by a point system. The maximum number of points in the learning topics practical lesson is - 6 points, the lowest positive score - 3 points. Evaluation of independent work of students in preparation for classroom practical exercises performed during continuous control relevant to the topic auditorium classes. Evaluation mastering topics to be considered only on independent work and not included topics of training sessions, supervised during final testing. Controls are: tests, clinical case studies, individual interviews. The maximum number of points that the student can get during a module is 120. The minimum number of points that can be collected by student during a module 57 points. Scores for individual work added to the amount of points gained by a student for current educational activity. Students can gain the most personal work by 6 points. Average scores for individual student work, participation in student academic circle 2 points, participation in Olympiads 2 points, participation in student scientific conference 2 points. Writing history is mandatory independent work. Scores for writing history ─ from 0 to 6 points for protection ─ from 0 to 6 points.
As a result, a graduate of the medical establishment feels confident in the labor market, able to adapt to social changes and crises in society are psychologically stable, developing the capacity for self-formation and creative personality. Given that the legal and ethical safeguards human rights are integral components of quality - it will also contribute to improvement of quality care. Practical training contributes to deepening and clinical medical thinking of the future, that is, the ability to comprehensively assess the diversity of symptoms and the clinical picture instantly make decisions.
So consider appropriate improvements in the departments of pediatric profile for maximum optimization collaboration with students. To do this, we believe it is necessary: save action-oriented teaching, increase student motivation to acquire knowledge, not estimates by enhancing problem-oriented approach to the material, improve the quality of students' independent work by creating structured guidance to prepare for classes and the development of new forms and methods of independent work, make maximum promotion of all forms of individual (creative) of students within the discipline of study and increase attention on forming meaningful relationships with adequate form of interdisciplinary integration.