Международный эндокринологический журнал Том 20, №4, 2024
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Стан серцево-судинної та кісткової систем у людей похилого віку із субклінічним гіпотиреозом, які отримували лікування левотироксином: систематичний огляд і метааналіз
Авторы: Mia Holley (1), Salman Razvi (2), Mohammed Saif Farooq (1), Rosie Dew (1), Ian Maxwell (1), Scott Wilkes (1)
(1) - School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
(2) - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
Рубрики: Эндокринология
Разделы: Справочник специалиста
Версия для печати
Актуальність. Дисфункція щитоподібної залози є поширеною в людей похилого віку, причому більший ризик її виникнення спостерігається в жінок. Докази свідчать про те, що рівень тиреотропного гормону (ТТГ) з віком природно підвищується. Однак через те, що протягом усього життя дорослої людини для оцінки рівня ТТГ у сироватці крові застосовуються єдині референтні діапазони, людям похилого віку часто встановлюють діагноз субклінічного гіпотиреозу (СГ), а деяким особам призначають лікування левотироксином (LT4). Залишається нез’ясованим питання, чи асоціюється лікування LT4 у літніх людей із СГ з несприятливим впливом на стан серцево-судинної та кісткової систем. Матеріали та методи. З метою узагальнення даних попередніх досліджень, у яких оцінювали стан серцево-судинної системи та здоров’я кісток у людей похилого віку з СГ, порівнюючи групи, які отримували й не отримували лікування LT4, були проведені систематичний огляд і метааналіз. У базах даних PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE і Web of Science проводився пошук статей, розміщених до 13 березня 2023 року, і були відібрані дослідження, які оцінювали стан серцево-судинної системи і здоров’я кісток у людей, старших за 50 років, із СГ. Результати. Було знайдено шість статей, у яких загалом було залучено 3853 учасників, у кожній — від 185 до 1642 учасників, із часткою жінок від 45 до 80 %. З причини нестачі даних було проаналізовано лише інформацію стосовно осіб, старших за 65 років. Крім того, було знайдено дослідження за участі 12 212 осіб віком від 18 років; однак для включення в систематичний огляд розглядалися лише дані, що стосуються пацієнтів віком 65 років і старших. Із цих 7 досліджень у 4 оцінювали вплив на стан серцево-судинної системи, в одному оцінювали вплив на стан здоров’я кісток, а у 2 дослідженнях оцінювали вплив на обидві системи. Метааналіз серцево-судинних наслідків виявив об’єднане співвідношення ризиків 0,89 (95% ДІ 0,71–1,12), що вказує на відсутність вірогідної різниці щодо серцево-судинного ризику серед людей похилого віку з СГ, які отримували лікування LT4, порівняно з тими, хто не отримував LT4. Через перехрещення даних деяких досліджень метааналіз даних щодо впливу на стан здоров’я кісток був неможливий. Висновки. Даний систематичний огляд і метааналіз не виявили вірогідної асоціації між використанням LT4 і порушенням стану серцево-судинної системи та здоров’я кісток в осіб, старших за 65 років, які страждають від СГ.
Background. Thyroid dysfunction is common in older people, with females at higher risk. Evidence suggests that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels naturally increase with age. However, as uniform serum TSH reference ranges are applied across the adult lifespan, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) diagnosis is more likely in older people, with some individuals also being commenced treatment with levothyroxine (LT4). It is unclear whether LT4 treatment in older people with SCH is associated with adverse cardiovascular or bone health outcomes. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to synthesise previous studies evaluating cardiovascular and bone health outcomes in older people with SCH, comparing LT4 treatment with no treatment. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until March 13, 2023, and studies that evaluated cardiovascular and bone health events in people with SCH over 50 years old were selected. Results. Six articles that recruited 3853 participants were found, ranging from 185 to 1642 participants, with the proportion of females ranging from 45 to 80 %. The paucity of data resulted in analysis for those aged over 65 years only. Additionally, a study with 12 212 participants aged 18 years and older was identified; however, only data relevant to patients aged 65 years and older were considered for inclusion in the systematic review. Of these 7 studies, 4 assessed cardiovascular outcomes, 1 assessed bone health outcomes, and 2 assessed both. A meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcomes revealed a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI 0.71–1.12), indicating no significant difference in cardiovascular risk between older individuals with SCH treated with LT4 compared to those without treatment. Due to overlapping sub-studies, meta-analysis for bone health outcomes was not possible. Conclusions. This systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant association between LT4 use and cardiovascular and bone health outcomes in SCH participants over 65 years.
субклінічний гіпотиреоз; захворювання щитоподібної залози; левотироксин; серцево-судинний; здоров’я кісток
subclinical hypothyroidism; thyroid disease; levothyroxine; cardiovascular; bone health
Вступ
Матеріали та методи
Результати
Результати досліджень
Обговорення
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