Журнал «Здоровье ребенка» 4 (55) 2014

Compared with 2005, the number of orphans in Ukraine has decreased from 96 thousand to 93 thousand.

Accordingly, the question appeared: what to do with a beautiful material and technical base of children's homes and how to deal with the staff?

On the basis of the Donetsk regional specialized orphanage was a department of medical and social rehabilitation. The children are sent to the center who live in families and the need to conduct medical and social rehabilitation. Children are admitted to the centers under the age of 4 years, based on the statement by the parents, the deadline for medical and social rehabilitation of 45 days. During the year, each child can be performed maximum of two courses of medical and social rehabilitation.

The center receives children with a chromosomal abnormality, delay statomotory and mental developmen, with consequences after neyroinfektions, congenital anomalies of the musculoskeletal system, congenital hypothyroidism , mental retardation mild to moderate , speech disorders , etc.

The rehabilitation are active measures , which aim to restore full function , impaired due to illness or injury , or the optimal implementation of physical, mental and social potential of the disabled with its active integration into society.

The aim of rehabilitation in pediatric practice is to return a sick child health, as well as restoration of his physical and mental functions to the optimum level.

In the Donetsk regional specialized children's home since the opening of the rehabilitation center have been treated 29 children. The most frequently the children admitted with delay rates psycho verbal development of cerebral palsy.

The pediatrician, neurologist, psychiatrist, physiotherapist, psychologist, teacher, speech therapist, pathologist, music worker, exercise physiologist are involved in the rehabilitation process. Other experts are invited according to the difficult cases.

The complex provides simultaneous effect on all parts of the pathogenesis of chronic emotional stress, which is underlying in development of severe mental retardation, and is aimed at normalizing the emotional status indicators by enhancing social contacts, to stimulate positive emotions, cognitive activity, and reduce anxiety. To that end, aromatherapy, art therapy, a technique by Montessori is used.

Given the high frequency of disorders of motor development, we are use conductive therapy, physiotherapy, kinesotherapy.

Now, medical device manufacturers offer a variety of tools to help the sick. Among them, the most in demand verticalizators and lifts.

For better performance of physical exercise is also used "Gross simulator" that allows to create facilitated conditions for muscular work for lack of muscle function, the optimal dosing load on the musculoskeletal system, thus ensuring the normal joint mobility. The simulator allows you to restore the mobility of patients after severe spinal cord injury and cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy).

"Gross Simulator" allow you to create conditions for the development of coordinated work of the musculoskeletal system, motor and stabilization support ability, which is necessary for the formation of natural traffic patterns and body positions, the foundations of movement control that is not available to the patient with disorders of muscle tone.

Especially for children with cerebral palsy are actively using the simulator "MOTOmed Gracile 12". The simulator allows reducing spasticity, feeling painless legs, improving walking, reducing the need for outside help, and improving health. Become more mobile.

In addition, regular training on the simulator can strengthen muscles; improve blood circulation in them and metabolism, restoration of disturbed functions, and also improving the emotional background of the patient. The average duration of employment for 15-20 minutes. According to the age of the children and they are not very high endurance and perseverance, is conducted training of lower limbs or upper (more common in children with upper limb paresis obstetric or hemi paretic form of cerebral palsy, mainly affecting the upper limb). Passive mode and active workout are used.

Thus, the discovery of medical and rehabilitation centers that developed individual character treatment and rehabilitation providing new opportunities for children with disabilities for social adaptation.